I think the main reason people don't pay tax in the country they're living in and working online is because they don't know where to start. Taxation is a complicated business and I'd guess that the majority of digital nomads make just enough to fund their lifestyle, and certainly not enough to pay for an expensive accountant.

Countries can either continue to make it difficult and complicated, which only results in non-payment, or they can embrace this new way for many people to work and simplify their tax laws, particularly for 'digital nomads'.

Estonia is a great example of this. They have embraced the international online workforce by offering an e-residency 'visa', available to anyone and everyone who wishes to work in any country but keep their business registered within the EU. It offers access to EU banking and is deliberately set up so that absolutely everything can be done online and from anywhere, without the need to do anything in person. What's in it for them? Tax. They charge a small tax for having your business registered there. It's a win-win for all.

Clearly, this doesn't cover the issue of having to pay tax in the country you're currently residing, this can only ever be between the worker and that particular country, but it is a good example of governments embracing, simplifying and supporting people who wish to live and work in this way.